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Smithsonian Institution Scholarly Press

A revision of the genus Aulacigaster Macquart (Diptera: Aulacigastridae)

Obrazy
Autor
Alessandra Rung and Wayne N. Mathis
Miejsce wydania
Washington
Rok wydania
2011
Spis treści

LIST OF FIGURES . . vii
LIST OF MAPS . . ix

INTRODUCTION . . 1
Methods and Materials . . 2
Acknowledgments . . 3

SYSTEMATICS . . 4
Genus Aulacigaster Macquart . . 4
Implicit Attributes . . 6
Key to the Neotropical Species Groups and Species of Aulacigaster Macquart . . 9
The bromeliae Group . . 9
The ecuadoriensis Group . . 21
The femorata Group . . 31
The grimaldii Group . . 48
The minuta Group . . 52
The plesiomorphica Group . . 64
The leucopeza Group . . 83
Afrotropical Species . . 83
Key to the Afrotropical Species of Auladgaster . . 83
Nearctic Species . . 90
Key to the Nearctic Species of Aulacigaster . . 90
Group of Aulacigaster . . 100
Palearctic Species . . 104
Key to the Palearctic Species of Aulacigaster . . 104
Oriental Species . . 112
Key to the Oriental Species of Aulacigaster . . 112

PHYLOGENETIC ANALYSIS AND DISCUSSION . . 115
Characters Used in the Cladistic Analysis . . 115
Discussion . . 116

FIGURES 203-220 . . 121
APPENDIX: CHARACTER MATRIX . . 125
REFERENCES . . 127
INDEX TO THE SPECIES OF AULACIGASTER . . 131

Seria
(Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology ; No 633)

A revision of the Primnoide (Octocorallia : Acyonacea) from the Aleutian Islands and Bering Sea

Obrazy
Autor
Stephen D. Cairns
Miejsce wydania
Washington
Rok wydania
2011
Spis treści

LIST OF TABLES . . V

INTRODUCTION . . 1
Abbreviations . . 2
History of Primnoid Octocorals from the Aleutian Islands . . 3
Acknowledgments . . 4

MATERIAL AND METHODS  . . 4

SYSTEMATIC ACCOUNTS . . 4
Subclass OCTOCORALLIA . . 4
Order ALCYONACEA . . 4
Suborder CALCAXONIA Grasshoff, 1999 . . 4
Family PRIMNOIDAE Milne Edwards, 1857 4
Genus Thouarella Gray, 1870 . . 4
Thouarella cristata, new species . . 5
Thouarella trilineata, new species . . 6
Genus Plumarella Gray, 1870 . . 7
Subgenus Plumarella (Plumarella) Gray, 1870 . . 7
Plumarella (P.) spicata Nutting, 1912 . . 7
Plumarella (Dicholaphis) Kinoshita, 1907, new subgenus rank . . 9
Key to the Species of the Subgenus Plumarella (Dicholaphis) . . 10
Plumarella (D.) profunda, new species . . 10
Plumarella (D.) hapala, new species . . 11
Plumarella (D.) aleutiana, new species . . 11
Plumarella (D.) superba (Nutting, 1912), new combination . . 13
Plumarella (D.) nuttingi, new species . . 14
Plumarella (D.) echinata, new species . . 15
Plumarella (D.) robusta, new species . . 16
Genus Fanellia Gray, 1870 . . 16
Fanellia compressa (Verrill, 1865) . . 17
Fanellia fraseri (Hickson, 1915) . . 18
Genus Primnoa Lamouroux, 1812 . . 19
Primnoa pacifica Kinoshita, 1907  . 19
Primnoa pacifica van willeyi Hickson, 1915 . . 19
Primnoa wingi Cairns and Bayer, 2005 . . 20
Genus Arthrogorgia Kiikenthal, 1908 . . 20
Arthrogorgia utinomii Bayer, 1996 . . 20
Arthrogorgia kinoshitai Bayer, 1952 . . 21
Arthrogorgia otsukai Bayer, 1952 . . 22
Genus Calyptrophora Gray, 1866 . . 22
Calyptrophora laevispinosa Cairns, 2007 . . 23
Genus Parastenella Versluys, 1906 . . 23
Parastenella doederleini (Wright and Studer, 1889) . . 24
Parastenella ramosa (Studer, 1894) . . 24
Parastenella gymnogaster Cairns, 2007 . . 25

FIGURES 1-17 . . 27
APPENDIX: STATION LIST . . 45
REFERENCES . . 49
INDEX . . 53

Seria
(Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology ; No. 634)

The Old World Paleolithic and the development of a National Collection

Obrazy
Autor
Michael Petraglia and Richard Potts ; forew. by Lawrence Guy Straus ; ill. by Marcia Bakry
Miejsce wydania
Washington
Rok wydania
2004
Spis treści

Foreword: The Paleolithic in America, A Preamble to the "Excavation" of a Great Museum . . ix

Introduction . . 1
The Paleolithic Collections and the Smithsonian Institution . . 5
The Modern Era of Paleoanthropology . . 37
The Paleolithic Accessions, 1869-1990 . . 45
Human Origins Program . . 129
Concluding Remarks and Future Prospects . . 131

Appendix 1: Location of Correspondence . . 135
Literature Cited . . 143

Seria
(Smithsonian Contributions to Anthropology ; nr 48)

Detritivores of the South American fish family Prochilodontidae : (Teleostei: Ostariophysi: Characiformes) : a phylogenetic and revisionary study

Obrazy
Autor
Ricardo M. C. Castro and Richard P. Vari
Miejsce wydania
Washington
Rok wydania
2004
Spis treści

Introduction . . 1
Character Descriptions and Analysis . . 10
Phylogenetic Reconstruction . . 58
Phylogenetic Biogeography of the Prochilodontidae . . 170
Resume . .  172
Literature Cited . . 174
Index of Generic and Species Synonymies and Species Accounts . . 187

Seria
(Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology ; 622)

Smithsonian at the Poles : contributions to International Polar Year Science

Obrazy
Autor
Igor Krupnik, Michael A. Lang, and Scott E. Miller editors
Miejsce wydania
Washington
Rok wydania
2009
Spis treści

FOREWORD . . ix
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY . . xii
INTRODUCTION . . xiv

IPY HISTORIES AND LEGACIES
Advancing Polar Research and Communicating Its Wonders: Quests, Questions, and Capabilities of Weather and Climate Studies in International Polar Years . . 1
Cooperation at the Poles? Placing the First International Polar Year in the Context of Nineteenth-Century Scientific Exploration and Collaboration . . 13
The Policy Process and the International Geophysical Year, 1957-1958 . . 23
Preserving the Origins of the Space Age: The Material Legacy of the International Geophysical Year (1957-1958) at the National Air and Space Museum . . 35
From Ballooning in the Arctic to 10,000-Foot Runways in Antarctica: Lessons from Historic Archaeology . . 49

CULTURAL STUDIES
"Of No Ordinary Importance": Reversing Polarities in Smithsonian Arctic Studies . . 61
Yup'ik Eskimo Contributions to Arctic Research at the Smithsonian . . 79
Smithsonian Contributions to Alaskan Ethnography: The First IPY Expedition to Barrow, 1881-1883 . . 89
The Art of Inupiaq Whaling: Elders' Interpretations of International Polar Year Ethnological Collections . . 99
From Tent to Trading Post and Back Again: Smithsonian Anthropology in Nunavut, Nunavik, Nitassinan, and Nunatsiavut—The Changing IPY Agenda, 1882-2007 . . 115
"The Way We See It Coming": Building the Legacy of Indigenous Observations in IPY 2007-2008 . . 129

SYSTEMATICS AND BIOLOGY OF POLAR ORGANISMS
Species Diversity and Distributions of Pelagic Calanoid Copepods from the Southern Ocean . . 143
Brooding in Species Diversity in the Southern Ocean: Selection for Brooders or Speciation within Brooding Clades? . . 181
Persistent Elevated Abundance of Octopods in an Overfished Antarctic Area . . 197
Cold Comfort: Systematics and Biology of Antarctic Bryozoans . . 205
Considerations of Anatomy, Morphology, Evolution, and Function for Narwhal Dentition . . 223

METHODS AND TECHNIQUES OF UNDER-ICE RESEARCH
Scientific Diving Under Ice: A 40-Year Bipolar Research Tool . . 241
Environmental and Molecular Mechanisms of Cold Adaptation in Polar Marine Invertebrates . . 253
Milestones in the Study of Diving Physiology: Antarctic Emperor Penguins and Weddell Seals . . 265
Interannual and Spatial Variability in Light Attenuation: Evidence from Three Decades of Growth in the Arctic Kelp,
Laminaria solidungula . . 271
Life under Antarctic Pack Ice: A Krill Perspective . . 285

ENVIRONMENTAL CHANGE AND POLAR MARINE ECOSYSTEMS
Inhibition of Phytoplankton and Bacterial Productivity by Solar Radiation in the Ross Sea Polynya . . 299
Southern Ocean Primary Productivity: Variability and a View to the Future . . 309
Chromophoric Dissolved Organic Matter Cycling during a Ross Sea Phaeocystis antarctica Bloom . . 319
Capital Expenditure and Income (Foraging) during Pinniped Lactation: The Example of the Weddell Seal (Leptonychotes weddellii) . . 335
Latitudinal Patterns of Biological Invasions in Marine Ecosystems: A Polar Perspective . . 347

POLAR ASTRONOMY: OBSERVATIONAL COSMOLOGY
Cosmology from Antarctica . . 359
Feeding the Black Hole at the Center of the Milky Way: AST/RO Observations . . 370
HEAT: The High Elevation Antarctic Terahertz Telescope . . 373
Watching Star Birth from the Antarctic Plateau . . 381
Antarctic Meteorites: Exploring the Solar System from the Ice . . 387

INDEX . . 395

The Smithsonian Institution African Mammal Project (1961-1972) : an annotated gazetteer of collecting localities and summary of its taxonomic and geographic scope

Obrazy
Autor
David S. Schmidt, Craig A. Ludwig, Michael D. Carleton
Miejsce wydania
Washington
Rok wydania
2008
Spis treści

LIST OF MAPS . . v
LIST OF TABLES . . vii
FRONTISPIECE . . viii
INTRODUCTION . . 1
Materials and Methods . . 3
Acknowledgments . . 8

HENRY W. SETZER AND THE AFRICAN MAMMAL PROJECT . . 11
Genesis and Scientific Goals of the AMP . . 11
AMP Collecting Tools, Survey Methods, and Field Procedures . . 18
Taxonomic and Geographic Summary . . 28

ANNOTATED GAZETTEER OF THE AFRICAN MAMMAL PROJECT . . 44
Northern Africa . . 45
Western Africa . . 105
Southern Africa . . 206

APPENDIX: CARTOGRAPHIC SOURCES . . 299
REFERENCES . . 303
INDEX OF GEOGRAPHIC NAMES . . 309

Seria
(Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology ; Nr. 628)