Springer

Symbols and Notation . . 1
Some Terminology . . 5

Part I Descriptive Techniques
1 Comparison of Batches . . 15

Part II Multivariate Random Variables
2 A Short Excursion into Matrix Algebra . . 33
3 Moving to Higher Dimensions . . 39
4 Multivariate Distributions . . 55
6 Theory of Estimation . . 99
7 Hypothesis Testing . . 111

Part III Multivariate Techniques
8 Decomposition of Data Matrices by Factors . . 147
9 Principal Component Analysis . . 163
10 Factor Analysis . . 185
11 Cluster Analysis . . 205
12 Discriminant Analysis . . 227
13 Correspondence Analysis . . 241
14 Canonical Correlation Analysis . . 263
15 Multidimensional Scaling . . 271
16 Conjoint Measurement Analysis . . 283
17 Applications in Finance . . 291
18 Highly Interactive, Computationally Intensive Techniques . . 301

A Data Sets . . 325
References . . 361
Index . . 363

1 Introduction to the Economic, Financial, Political and Legal Implications of Global Pandemics . . 1
2 HIV/AIDS Prevention and Treatment Strategies in Developed and Developing Countries . . 25
3 Insurance, Mortality, Treatment Costs and the Business Impact of HIV/AIDS in Developed and Developing Countries . . 67
4 The Economics of HIV/AIDS . . 111
5 The Political Economy of Patents and Global Health Threats . . 153
6 Global Diseases, Global Patents and Developing Countries in WTO Law . . 187
7 Bilateral and Multilateral Financing of HIV/AIDS Programs: The World Bank, the International Monetary Fund, the Global Fund, Bilateral Donors and the Private Sector . . 217
8 The Successes and Failures of Global Health Organizations: The World Health Organization, UNAIDS, Medicins sans Frontieres and PEPFAR . . 265
9 The Way Forward: Prevention, Treatment and Human Rights. . 301

Index . . 353
About the Authors . . 391

Preface . . VII
Acknowledgments . . IX

I Introductory Material . . 1
II Marginal Models . . 53
III Conditional Models . . 223
IV Subject-specific Models . . 255
V Case Studies and Extensions . . 307
VI Missing Data . . 479

References . . 637
Index . . 671

Foreword . . XIII
Preface . . XV

Part I INTRODUCTION TO NETWORKING . . 1
CHAPTER 1 Introduction . . 3

Part II IP — INTERNET PROTOCOL . . 7
CHAPTER 2 Fundamentals of IP . . 9

Part III TCP — TRANSMISSION CONTROL PROTOCOL . . 17
CHAPTER 3 Fundamentals of TCP I . . 19
CHAPTER 4 Scalable I/O . . 73
CHAPTER 5 Scalablercp . . 117
CHAPTER 6 Firewalls . . 129
CHAPTER 7 Secure Sockets . . 135
CHAPTER 8 Scalable secure sockets . . 185

Part IV UDP — USER DATAGRAM PROTOCOL . . 215
CHAPTER 9 Unicast uDP . . 217
CHAPTER 10 Scalable uDP . . 26l
CHAPTER 11 MulticastuDP . . 269

Part V IN PRACTICE . . 297
CHAPTER 12 Server and client models . . 299
CHAPTER 13 Fallacies of networking . . 339

Part VI APPENDICES . . 347

Preface . . XV

Part I The statistics of asset allocation . . 3
Part II Classical asset allocation . . 169
Part III Accounting for estimation risk . . 363
Part IV Appendices . . 465

References . . 505
List of figures . . 515
Notation . . 519
Index . . 525

1 A Reference Rice Genome Sequence in the 10K Genome Era . . 1
2 The Wild Relative of Rice: Genomes and Genomics . . 2
3 Natural Variation and Sequencing-Based Genetics Studies . . 27
4 Genome Mapping, Markers and QTLs . . 35
5 Transposable Element Dynamics in Rice and Its Wild Relatives . . 55
6 Molecular Cytogenetics of Rice and Its Wild Relatives . . 71
7 Mutant Resources for Functional Analysis of the Rice Genome . . 81
8 Transcriptome Profiling . . 117
9 Epigenomics . . 129
10 Noncoding Regulatory RNAs . . 145
11 Disease Resistance . . 161
12 Insect Resistance . . 177
13 Abiotic Stress Resistance . . 193
14 Nitrogen and Phosphorus Uptake and Utilization . . 217
15 Yield . . 227
16 Grain Quality . . 237
17 Heterosis . . 255
18 Flowering . . 269
19 Panicle Development . . 279
20 Root Development . . 297
21 Reproductive Isolation Between indica andjaponica Subspecies . . 317
22 Genomics-Based Breeding Technology . . 329
23 Utilization of Exotic Germplasm . . 349
24 Transformation and Transgenic Breeding . . 363

Perspective Rice 2020 Revised: An Urgent Call to Mobilize and Coordinate Rice Functional Genomics Research Worldwide . . 387
Index . . 391

Introduction . . 5
China in World Astronomy . . 7
Contents of this Book . . 9
Principles of the Translation . . 11
Conventions . . 14

1 Astronomical Reform and Occupation Politics . . 19
Cultural . . 21
Political . . 23
Bureaucratic . . 26
Personal . . 28
Technical . . 30
Conclusions . . 33

2 Orientation . . 35
The Social Organization of Astronomy . . 35
Astronomical Reforms . . 38
The Politics of Astronomical Reform . . 56
Observatories . . 60
Mathematical Tools . . 61
Metrology . . 67
Celestial Motions . . 97
Eclipses . . 106
Stars . . 113
Precision and Accuracy . . 115
The Enigma of Delta-T . . 116
Comparisons with Europe and Islam . . 119
Conclusion . . 131

3 The Project: Origins and Process . . 133
Origins . . 133
The Process . . 146

4 The Astronomers . . 151
Liu Ping-chung . . 153
Wang Hsun . . 156
Kuo Shou-ching . . 158
Chang I . . 160
Hsu Heng . . 161
Chang Wen-ch'ien . . 163
Yang Kung-i . . 164
Ch'en Ting . . 168
Specialists . . 169
Conclusion . . 169

5 The Observatory and its Instruments . . 171
The Observatory . . 171
Predecessors of the Yuan Project . . 176
The Instruments of the Reform Project . . 179
Ming Instruments . . 211
Influence on the System from the West . . 218
Conclusion . . 225

6 The Records . . 227
The Standard Histories and their Treatises . . 227
Astronomical Treatises . . 230
Transmission and Publication . . 234
Studies . .238
Conclusion . . 246

7 Evaluation of the Season-Granting System . . 249
Introduction by the Compilers of the Yuan History . . 249

Evaluation of the Season-Granting System, Part 1 . . 254
1. Determination of Ch'i from Observation . . 254
2. Year Surplus and Annual Difference . . 271
3. Angular Extensions of the Lunar Lodges along the Celestial Perimeter . . 291
4. Tread of the Sun . . 296
5. Expansion and Contraction of the Solar Motion . . 297
6. Slackening and Hastening of the Lunar Motion . . 300
7. Crossing Cycle of the White Way . . 304
8. Day and Night Marks . . 309

8 Evaluation of the Season-Granting System, Part 2 . . 311
9. Eclipses . . 311
10. Corrected Conjunctions . . 367
11. Disuse of Accumulated Years and Day Divisor . . 370

9 Canon of the Season-Granting System, Part 1 . . 389
1. Pacing the Ch'i and Lunations . . 389
2. Pacing the Putting Forth and Gathering In . . 399
3. Pacing the Tread of the Sun . . 408
4. Pacing the Travel of the Moon . . 452

10 Canon of the Season-Granting System, Part 2 . . 487
5. Pacing the Centered Star . . 487
6. Pacing Crossing Coincidences . . 497
7. Pacing the Five Stars . . 516

11 Conclusion . . 551
The Problem of Evaluation . . 551
Accuracy of the Season-granting system . . 557
A Final Word . . 559

Appendix A The Instruments of Kuo Shou-ching . . 561
The Simplified Instrument . . 561
The Celestial Globe . . 566
The Upward-facing Instrument . . 567
The Lamp Water Clock for the Palace of Supernal Brightness . . 567
The Direction-determining Table . . 567
The Template and Gnomon . . 569
The Shadow Aligner . . 570
The Observing Table . . 571

Appendix B The Account of Conduct of Kuo Shou-ching . . 573
Biography . . 573
Water Control . . 574
New Astronomical Instruments. . . 574
The Polar Altitude Survey . . 577
Predecessors of the Reform . . 579
Topics of Research . . 582
New Methods . . 586
Documents of the Reform . . 588
Water Control, Continued . . 590
Biography, Continued . . 590
Character . . 591
Kuo's Uniqueness . . 594

Appendix C Technical Terms . . 597
Named Results, English . . 597
Constants, English . . 604
Named Results, Chinese . . 606
Constants, Chinese . . 613

Acknowledgements . . 616

Bibliography . . 617
East Asian Sources before 1900 . . 617
Secondary Sources . . 623

Index-Glossary . . 651

I. WTO-Law: Evolution and Context
How to Win a WTO Dispute Based on Non-WTO Law? Questions of Jurisdiction and Merits . . 1
Comments onJoost Pauwelyn's Paper: 'How to Win a WTO Dispute Based on Non-WTO Law?' . . 54
The Quest for Consistency: Principles Governing the Interrelation of the WTO Agreements . . 101
Treaty Conflicts in WTO Law - A Comment on William J. Davey's Paper 'The Quest for Consistency' . . 129
Protectionism or Reasonable National Regulation? The Protection of Non-Economic Interests as Barriers to the Free Movement of Goods: A Comparison of EC Law and WTO Law . . 147
Trade and Non-Economic Policies in the EU and in the WTO. A Comment on Peter-Christian Muller-Graff's Paper 'Protectionism or Reasonable National Regulation?' . . 169
Decision-making and the Balance of Powers in WTO Negotiations: Towards Supplementary Weighted Voting . . 181

II. Items on the Agenda Does the 'Development Round' Foster Development? . . 231
Agriculture after Cancun . . 315
Canciin and beyond - A European Perspective of Agricultural Issues . . 339
GATS and Domestic Regulation - A Threat to Democracy? . . 369
Post Cancun WTO TRIPs - A Bumpy Road . . 385

Abbreviations . . 401
The Authors of this Volume . . 407

1 The Hot ISM of Elliptical Galaxies: A Brief History . . 1
2 Hot Gas Flows on Global and Nuclear Galactic Scales . . 21
3 Feedback and Environmental Effects in Elliptical Galaxies . . 55
4 AGN Feedback in Elliptical Galaxies: Numerical Simulations . . 83
5 Metal Abundances in the Hot ISM of Elliptical Galaxies . . 121
6 Abundances and Abundance Ratios in Stars and Hot Gas in Elliptical Galaxies . . 163
7 Hot Gas Morphology, Thermal Structure, and the AGN Connection in Normal Elliptical Galaxies . . 207
8 Dark Matter in Elliptical Galaxies . . 235

Index . . 279

Preface . . vii
About the Author . . xi
Acknowledgements . . xiii

1. Because We Live on One! - or - Why Planets and Exoplanets Are Important . . 1
2. A Quick Tour of the Exoplanet Menagerie . . 7
3. An Exoplanet Retrospective . . 15
4. In the Beginning - The First Exoplanet Discoveries . . 45
5. On the Track of Alien Planets - The Radial Velocity or Doppler Method (~70% of All Exoplanet Primary Discoveries) . . 71
6. On the Track of Alien Planets - The Transit Method (~23% of All Exoplanet Primary Discoveries) . . 77
7. On the Track of Alien Planets - Direct Imaging and Observation (~2.9% of All Exoplanet Primary Discoveries or ~6% if Free Floating Planets are Included) . . 119
8. On the Track of Alien Planets - Gravitational Microlensing (~2.3% of All Exoplanet Primary Discoveries) . . 119
9. On the Track of Alien Planets - Timing (~1.9% of All Exoplanet Primary Discoveries) . . 127
10. On the Track of Alien Planets - Other Approaches (0% of All Exoplanet Primary Discoveries) . . 133
11. Where Do We Go from Here? - Future Approaches to Exoplanet Detection and Study . . 143
12. Exoplanets Revealed - What They Are Really Like . . 157
13. Exoplanets and Exoplanetary Systems: Pasts and Futures . . 191
14. Future Homes for Humankind? . . 203

Appendix I Nomenclature - or - What's in a Name? . . 233
Appendix II Note on Distances, Sizes and Masses, etc. . . 239
Appendix III Further Reading . . 243
Appendix IV Technical Background - Some of the Mathematics and Physics Involved in the Study of Exoplanets . . 247
Appendix V Names, Acronyms and Abbreviations . . 269

Index . . 273