Akademie Věd České Republiky. Archeologicky Ústav

Spis treści

Foreword . . 9

1 Introduction . . 11

2 The Roman period: the history of research . . 12

3 Early Roman period . . 18
3.1 Main sources . . 18
3.1.1 Archaeological sources . . 18
3.1.2 Written sources . . 28
3.1.2.1 Notes on the significance of written sources for the study of the Roman period in Bohemia . . 52
3.1.2.2 Editions of written sources for the early Roman period in Bohemia and their interpretation . . 32
3.1.5 Numismatic sources for the early and late Roman period . . 33
3.2 The chronology of the early Roman period . . 39
3.3 Settlement and economy . . 44
3.3.1 Settlements . . 44
3.3.2 Types of settlement features . . 44
3.3.2.1 Sunken houses . . 44
3.3.2.2 Post-built structures . . 51
3.3.2.3 Other types of features . . 53
3.5.3 Size and appearance of settlements . . 53
3.3.4 Settlement locations. The density and scope of settlement . . 55
3.3.5 Population figures . . 57
5.3.6 The hinterland of settlements . . 57
3.3.7 Economic activities . . 58
3.3.7.1 Agriculture . . 58
3.3.7.2 Hunting and fishing . . 61
3.3.7.3 Pottery production . . 62
3.3.7.4 Iron-making and iron-working . . 62
3.3.7.5 Non-ferrous metallurgy . . 66
3.3.7.6 Textile production . . 67
3.3.7.7 Other production activities . . 68
3.3.7.8 Trade . . 69
3.4 Artefacts . . 72
3.4.1 Stone . . 72
3.4.2 Pottery . . 72
3.4.3 Metal, glass and organic materials . . 80
3.4.3.1 Dress accessories . . 80
3.4.3.2 Drinking horns . . 86
3.4.3.3 Personal ornaments . . 88
5.4.3.4 Weapons and equipment . . 89
3.4.3.5 Horse harness and spurs . . 89
3.4.3.6 Tools and implements . . 91
3.4.3.7 Artefacts from organic materials . . 91
3.5 Burial and other rituals . . 93
3.5.1 Cemeteries . . 93
5.5.1.1 The cremation rite in the early Roman period . . 94
3.5.1.2 The inhumation rite in the early Roman period . . 97
3.5.2 Evidence of ritual activity outside of cemeteries . . 98
3.6 Society . . 100
3.7 Contacts . . 104
3.7.1 Products from Roman workshops in Bohemia . . 104
3.7.1.1 Augustan-early Tiberian period /10/5 BC-AD 15/20) . . 106
3.7.1.2 Tiberian-Flavian period (AD 15/20-70/80) . . 112
5.7.1.3 Trajan-early Antonine period (AD 80/90-150/160) . . 114
3.7.1.4 The reign of Marcus Aurelius, the Marcomannic Wars (AD 150/160-180/200) . . 114
3.7.1.5 Roman artefacts and long-distance routes . . 116
3.7.2 Connections of Bohemia with the surrounding world . . 117
3.8 Significance of the culture and its European context . . 119
3.8.1 Archaeological context . . 119
3.8.2 Historical context . . 124
3.8.2.1 Celts . . 124
3.8.2.2 Germans . . 125
3.8.2.3 Romans . . 126
3.8.2.4 Maroboduus's empire (9/6/1 BC-AD 19) . . 129
3.8.2.5 The period between Maroboduus's empire and the Marcomannic Wars (AD 19-166) . . 132
3.8.2.6 Marcomannic Wars (AD 166-180) . . 132
3.9 The significance of the early Roman period in Bohemian prehistory . . 133

4 Late Roman period . . 134
4.1 Main sources . . 134
4.1.1 Archaeological sources . . 134
4.1.2 Written sources and history . . 141
4.2 Chronology . . 142
4.3 Settlement and economy . . 145
4.3.1 Settlements and settlement structure . . 145
4.3.2 Economic background of settlements . . 147
4.3.3 Economic activities . . 147
4.4 Artefacts . . 148
4.4.1 Stone . . 148
4.4.2 Pottery . . 148
4.4.3 Metal, glass and organic materials . . 148
4.4.3.1 Metal and glass artefacts . . 148
4.4.3.2 Artefacts from organic materials . . 151
4.5 Burial . . 152
4.6 Society . . 153
4.7 Contacts . . 163
4.7.1 Products of Roman workshops in Bohemia, 3rd century AD . . 163
4.8 Significance of the culture and its European context . . 163

5 The Migration Period . . 165
5.1 Introduction . . 165
5.2 The history of research . . 165
5.3 Main sources . . 166
5.3.1 Archaeological sources . . 166
5.3.2 Written sources and history . . 173
5.3.3 Numismatic sources . . 176
5.4 Chronology . . 180
5.5 Settlement and economy . . 188
5.5.1 Settlements and settlement structure . . 188
5.5.2 Economic background of settlements . . 189
5.5.3 Production activities . . 190
5.6 Artefacts . . 191
5.6.1 Stone . . 191
5.6.2 Pottery . . 191
5.6.3 Metal, glass and organic materials . . 192
5.6.3.1 Metal artefacts . . 192
5.6.3.2 Glass artefacts . . 199
5.6.3.3 Artefacts from organic materials . . 200
5.7 Burial and other rituals . . 200
5.8 Society . . 204
5.9 Contacts . . 205
5.10 Significance of the culture and its European context . . 206

References . . 207
Sommaire . . 236