List of Illustrations and Maps . . viii Acknowledgements . . xi Note On Pronouncing Tibetan Words . . xiii Preface . . xv 1 Tibet Appears, 600-700 . . 1 2 The Holy Buddhist Empire, 700-797 . . 21 3 Keepers of the Flame, 797-1054 . . 41 4 Patrons and Priests, 1054-1315 . . 61 5 Golden Age, 1315-1543 . . 85 6 The Rise and Fall of the Dalai Lamas, 1543-1757 . . 114 7 The Balancing Act, 1757-1904 . . 146 8 Independence, 1904-1950 . . 180 9 Under the Red Flag, 1950-1959 . . 207 10 Two Tibets, 1959 to the Present . . 238 Notes . . 270 Bibliography . . 292 Index . . 304